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Sans titre

1.Chiffres

  • Official language in 83 countries, widely spoken in 55 other countries
  • Undercover = old-fashioned ≠ Nellie Bly, 1880 mental illness=> 1$ by NYC for asylum.
  • Rise in journalism class in US (by 44% teacher)
  • X is the most valuable social platform to journalists (83% journalist contre 40 pr facebook).
  • Don’t count out radio just yet. Its programs actually reaches 86.3% of the US population aged 12 and over, every single week.
  • Dramatic decline in print circulation 63.3 million in 1984 to 28.5 million in 2018
  • Freelance journalism rates are still on the rise but very few make a living from it .
  • The number of journalists in the world. \> au EU mais /> ailleurs
  • The online spread of fake news. 49% of the people who shared fake news on social media only later found out
  • Social media companies and control over the news. (62% of Americans think social media sites have too much control over news content.)

2. Histoire

  • The earliest reference to a journalistic product comes from Rome circa 59 B.C. : the Acta Diurna
  • China: During the Tang dynasty From 618 A.D. to 907 A.D. : the bao; For gouvernent 
  • La presse papier inventer par Gutenberg en 1450.
  • Première Gazette en 1605 par Johann Carolus en 1605 à Strasbourg.
  • Premier journal publié en anglais 1621 : The Weekly Newes From Foreign Parts (Nathaniel Butler) ->4 pages of mostly translated texts from other Dutch courants, and subjected to censorship.
  • 1702 : The Daily Courant (Elizabeth Mollet) -> the first daily paper for public consumption.


3. Liberté d'expression:

Frist : Informer le public bloqué par le Gouv.

After: Litaracy of population -> Press />

1er E-U: droit de critiqué le Gouv 1735, 1787: 1st amendement

France : DDH 3ans après la révolution Press/>

-> Tereur press censuré jusqu'en 1881


4. Le times :

1785 création par John Walter à Londres "The daily universal register"

1788: The times

1803: Son fils le reprend: 1er à utiliser the electric telegraph + steam-driven cylinder press (Friedrich Koenig’s) +one of the first to send correspondents overseas to report on conflicts. (must famous Russell)

Aujourd'hui : “the Thunderer” + 2nd largest circulation in the UK + Currently owned by Rupert Murdoch + Influencial but officially not politically affiliated


5. Russell

Covered a lot of conflits

-> Public could read for the first time about the reality of warfare.

Globe-trotter

Dynamic and lively style : covered the Siege of Sevastopol "thin red line" in referring to British troops at Balaclava,

A nightmare for generals and politicians He retired as a battlefield correspondent in 1882 and founded the Army and Navy Gazette.

Was knighted 1895 He was appointed a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (CVO) by King Edward VII on 11 August 1902, a dynastic order handed out by the King without government interference.



Top English-speaking newspapers by circulation (World Atlas 2021): USA Today (n°3 – 4.139 M), The Times of India (n°9 – 2.836 M), The Wall, Street Journal (n°14 – 2.379 M), The New York Times (n°16 – 2.134 M)

 

Most popular news channels (2020): BBC World News (GB), Fox News (US), CNN (US), Sky News (GB), MSNBC (US)

 

Most popular social networks (2020), FB 2.853 , YouTube 2.291bn, WhatsApp, Insta, FB Messenger , TikTok



Sans titre

1.Chiffres

  • Official language in 83 countries, widely spoken in 55 other countries
  • Undercover = old-fashioned ≠ Nellie Bly, 1880 mental illness=> 1$ by NYC for asylum.
  • Rise in journalism class in US (by 44% teacher)
  • X is the most valuable social platform to journalists (83% journalist contre 40 pr facebook).
  • Don’t count out radio just yet. Its programs actually reaches 86.3% of the US population aged 12 and over, every single week.
  • Dramatic decline in print circulation 63.3 million in 1984 to 28.5 million in 2018
  • Freelance journalism rates are still on the rise but very few make a living from it .
  • The number of journalists in the world. \> au EU mais /> ailleurs
  • The online spread of fake news. 49% of the people who shared fake news on social media only later found out
  • Social media companies and control over the news. (62% of Americans think social media sites have too much control over news content.)

2. Histoire

  • The earliest reference to a journalistic product comes from Rome circa 59 B.C. : the Acta Diurna
  • China: During the Tang dynasty From 618 A.D. to 907 A.D. : the bao; For gouvernent 
  • La presse papier inventer par Gutenberg en 1450.
  • Première Gazette en 1605 par Johann Carolus en 1605 à Strasbourg.
  • Premier journal publié en anglais 1621 : The Weekly Newes From Foreign Parts (Nathaniel Butler) ->4 pages of mostly translated texts from other Dutch courants, and subjected to censorship.
  • 1702 : The Daily Courant (Elizabeth Mollet) -> the first daily paper for public consumption.


3. Liberté d'expression:

Frist : Informer le public bloqué par le Gouv.

After: Litaracy of population -> Press />

1er E-U: droit de critiqué le Gouv 1735, 1787: 1st amendement

France : DDH 3ans après la révolution Press/>

-> Tereur press censuré jusqu'en 1881


4. Le times :

1785 création par John Walter à Londres "The daily universal register"

1788: The times

1803: Son fils le reprend: 1er à utiliser the electric telegraph + steam-driven cylinder press (Friedrich Koenig’s) +one of the first to send correspondents overseas to report on conflicts. (must famous Russell)

Aujourd'hui : “the Thunderer” + 2nd largest circulation in the UK + Currently owned by Rupert Murdoch + Influencial but officially not politically affiliated


5. Russell

Covered a lot of conflits

-> Public could read for the first time about the reality of warfare.

Globe-trotter

Dynamic and lively style : covered the Siege of Sevastopol "thin red line" in referring to British troops at Balaclava,

A nightmare for generals and politicians He retired as a battlefield correspondent in 1882 and founded the Army and Navy Gazette.

Was knighted 1895 He was appointed a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (CVO) by King Edward VII on 11 August 1902, a dynastic order handed out by the King without government interference.



Top English-speaking newspapers by circulation (World Atlas 2021): USA Today (n°3 – 4.139 M), The Times of India (n°9 – 2.836 M), The Wall, Street Journal (n°14 – 2.379 M), The New York Times (n°16 – 2.134 M)

 

Most popular news channels (2020): BBC World News (GB), Fox News (US), CNN (US), Sky News (GB), MSNBC (US)

 

Most popular social networks (2020), FB 2.853 , YouTube 2.291bn, WhatsApp, Insta, FB Messenger , TikTok


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