Partielo | CIVIL RIGHTS (1954-68), WAR OF VIETNAM (1955-75)

Définition

1961 : Bay of pigs

failed invasion of Cuba by a financed/trained group of Cuban opposed to Castro => overthrow Castro + establish non-communist government to the US ? Cuban missile crisis : spy plane secretly photographed nuclear missile sites being built by the Soviet Union in Cuba => heightened confrontation between Cuba, USSR and US = hottest point of Cold War

1960-70s : Black Progress

increase awareness of racial distinctiveness, instilling racial pride in AA movement motivated by a desire for safety, self-sufficiency for AA, promote equality and racial justice

1964 : Community Action Program

provided jobs for many poors help involve poor communities in administration and political work including Black, Indians and Hispanic politicians

1961 : "Freedom Rides"

"Freedom Rides" (1961) : force desegregation of bus stations group of white and AA civil rights activists

1964 : "Freedom Summer"

voter registration drive aimed at increasing the number of registered Black Voters in Mississippi ? flight against voter intimidation + discrimination at the polls

1964 : "Great Society

set of domestic programs ending poverty, reducing crime, abolishing inequality resembled ND domestic agenda

1964 : Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

North Vietnam warships attacked US warships => GTR allowed Johnson to take any necessary measures to protect US forces + prevent further aggression

1942 : CORE

improve race relations and en discrimination policies through direct-action projects, interracial US organisation established by James Farmer

1968 : Test offensive

communist forces attacked US strongholds throughout South Vietnam, showed US public brutality of the war on television

1960 : SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee)

key organisation in the US, major channel of student participation in civil rights movement => direct action campaings against segregation and other forms of racism

1965 : Immigration Act

new immigration policy based on a national origins quota ? limit number of immigrants allowed to enter in the US => abolished the Nation Origins formula

JFK (1961-63) : first catholic POTUS (35th), domestic reforms "new frontier", more ambitious than any since ND program, idealism of a "new generations of Americans" space program, Cuban Missile crisis, complotism around his death

Malcolm X (1965-66) : AA leader in civil rights, "by any necessary means", prominent figure in Nation of Islam, Black Nationalism, race prie

Définition

1965 : Medicare + Medicaid (1966)

Medicare (1965) : provide federal aid for elderly formed expense - Medicaid (1966) : medical assistance to welfare recipients, indigent people

1963 : March on Washington

massive protest, Lincoln Memorial draw attention to inequalities faced by AA, MLK historic speech, pressure Kennedy administrations

1959-75 : Ho Chi Minh Trail

military supply route from North through Laos, Cambodia to South Vietnam ? weapons, manpower, ammunition to communist supporters in South Vietnam

A retenir :

The American Civil Rights Movement was a political movement and campaign from 1954 to 1968 in the US to abolish institutional racial segregation, discrimination. The social movement's major nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience campaigns eventually secured new protections in federal law for the civil rights of all Americans. The Vietnam War (1955-1975) was a long, costly and divisive conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam against South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States. The conflict was intensified by the ongoing Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union.

A retenir :

Key dates :

1955 : Montgomery Bus Boycott

1961 : Albany Movement

1963 : "I have a dream" speech

1963 : March on Washington

1964 : Civil Rights Act

1965 : Voting Rights Act

1965 : Bloody Sunday

1965 : Chicago Freedom Movement

1967 : Vietnam War Opposition

1968 : Poor People's Campaign

Définition

1961 : Bay of pigs

1960-70s : Black Progress

increase awareness of racial distinctiveness, instilling racial pride in AA movement motivated by a desire for safety, self-sufficiency for AA, promote equality and racial justice

1964 : Community Action Program

provided jobs for many poors help involve poor communities in administration and political work including Black, Indians and Hispanic politicians

1961 : "Freedom Rides"

"Freedom Rides" (1961) : force desegregation of bus stations group of white and AA civil rights activists

1964 : "Freedom Summer"

voter registration drive aimed at increasing the number of registered Black Voters in Mississippi ? flight against voter intimidation + discrimination at the polls

1964 : "Great Society

set of domestic programs ending poverty, reducing crime, abolishing inequality resembled ND domestic agenda

1964 : Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

North Vietnam warships attacked US warships => GTR allowed Johnson to take any necessary measures to protect US forces + prevent further aggression

1942 : CORE

improve race relations and en discrimination policies through direct-action projects, interracial US organisation established by James Farmer

1968 : Test offensive

communist forces attacked US strongholds throughout South Vietnam, showed US public brutality of the war on television

1960 : SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee)

key organisation in the US, major channel of student participation in civil rights movement => direct action campaings against segregation and other forms of racism

1965 : Immigration Act

new immigration policy based on a national origins quota ? limit number of immigrants allowed to enter in the US => abolished the Nation Origins formula

Malcolm X (1965-66) : AA leader in civil rights, "by any necessary means", prominent figure in Nation of Islam, Black Nationalism, race prie